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CỔNG THÔNG TIN DINH DƯỠNG QUỐC GIA

VIETNAM NUTRITIONAL PORTAL

Food and nutrition research

Có 828 xuất bản phẩm nghiên cứu khoa học về dinh dưỡng và thực phẩm

Viet Dung NGUYEN, Nam Phuong HUYNH, Lan NGUYEN, Thi Hao HOANG, Thi Hop LE

The study was carried out with an aim to study knowledge and information access on breast feeding of mothers, who had children under 24 months old at Ngoc Hoi Commune, Thanh Tri District, Ha Noi. A cross sectional study design with sample size of 359 mothers having children under 24 months old in the whole commune was done using pre-designed questionnaires.

In Vitro antimutagenic studies of some sticky rice cooked with ivy gourd leaves, momordica cochinchinensis fruit and pumpkin, mungbean and black bean seeds.

The aim of this research is to study the antimutagenic activity of sticky rice cooked with various fruits vegetables and legumes. Fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids including ivy gourd leaves, the fruit from Momordica cochinchinensis and pumpkin, two kind of legumes – mungbean and black bean – and sticky rice colored by being cooked with these fruits, vegetables and legumes were sequentially extracted with n-hexane and 80% ethanol.

Relations between the customs and food habits of the overweight and obese elementary school children Dong Da District–Hanoi

The results of the study on 3647 primary school children(6-11 years old) in Dongda district - Hanoi showed that the prevalence of overweight was rather high(9,9%) and the precentage of overweight among the male children (12,9%) was higher than that of the famales(6,7%).

The situation of quality hygiene and food safety in Tien Giang 2000–2002

The province has strengthened the mechanism in conducting and implementing circular 08 on food safety and hygiene of all levels and ministries. In 2000, the province gave approval document on the quality for 109 products of all kinds; in 2001, the Health Department issued approval document for 180 products which had completed the procedures of quality statement for food safety and hygiene.

Status of malnutrition in children at Children's Institute 2001–2002

Nowadays, in Vietnam the rate of malnutrition is still high. It is difficult for all the nutritional doctors to treat these patients because: beside the lack of protein – energy, the patient often has many difficult diseases. As this reasons, we decide to do this study to find out: Assessment of Malnutrition in National Hospital of Pediatrics.

Poverty and malnutrition

Poverty is one of the main causes of malnutrition, but there are also factors such as lack of nutritious food and poor health care. This paper examines the relationship between poverty and nutritional status by analysing the 1992/93 and 1997/98 Vietnam Living Standards Surveys.

Trend of vitamin A deficiency and anemia in Vietnam during recent years, and news measures recommended for controlling program.

A meta-analyze on vitamin A (VA) and anemia surveys during 1994-2000 was carried out in order to determine the trend of VA deficiency and anemia in Vietnam, and to recommend new control measures for national program in the next year.

Kiến thức, thái độ của bà mẹ có con dưới 3 tháng tuổi về tiêm Vắc xin viêm gan B sơ sinh tại huyện Yên Dũng, tỉnh Bắc Giang năm 2015.

English summary: A cross-sectional study of 330 mothers, who have children under 3 months in Yen Dung district, Bac Giang province was conducted to describe their knowledge and attitude on HepB vaccination birth dose. Results showed that the proportion of mothers with proper knowledge on HepB vaccination was low (44.5%). Mothers having correct knowledge about target of Hep birth dose vaccination were 74.5%, immunization time were 67%, and immunization place were 39.1%. The percentage of mothers knowing about adverse effects following immunization was 4.2%. Only about one third of mothers knew about the types of adverse reactions, including fever (35.5%), pain at injection site (20.9%), and anaphylaxis (6.4%). Over 84 % of mothers thought that Hep B birth dose vaccination is essential and safe. Over 80% of mothers believed in qualified medical staff, quality vaccines. Although 97.5% of mothers agreed to have their children vaccinated following doctors’ prescription, but still 62.8% of mothers indicated their concerns, mainly about adverse events following immunization (35.5%).

Đánh giá khả năng kháng vi sinh vật gây bệnh truyền qua thực phẩm của xạ khuẩn nội cộng sinh trên cây quế.

English summary: This study determined the antimicrobial activity of twenty actinomycetes isolated from Cinnamomum sp. against 4 foodborne bacteria. Actinomycetes were cultured on YIM 38, and the antimicrobial activity of the suspension cultures was determined by using well diffusion method. The results indicated that all 20 tested strains of actinomycetes showed the antimicrobial activity agaisnt at least one foodborne strain. The antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes against Escherichia coli ATCC 11105, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Salmonella enterica subsp and Staphylococcus epidemidis were 45, 65, 85 and 85 %, respectively. Especially, YBQ80 showed the strongest antimicrobial effect (23.3 ± 0.12mm in diammeter) against Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028. The results indicated that the actinomycetes isolated from Cinnamomum sp. could be the potential source for food preservation and medical treatment of foodborn diseases.

Tình trạng vitamin D ở trẻ em tuổi học đường năm 2011.

English summary: A cross-sectional study has been conducted in 388 aged 6-11 to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among primary school children in 6 provinces across Vietnam. For each individual, data concerning daily diet, socioeconomic group, and anthropometric status were obtained, and plasma concentrations of vitamin D were measured. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D was measured by HPLC method. Results: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D status was very high, with the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D <30 nmol/L) being 19.0%. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D between 30 – 49.9 nmol/L) and marginal vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D between 50 – 74.9 nmol/L) in primary school children were 30.2% and 77,8%, respectively. There was a positive correlation between vitamin D concentration and serum retinol in school-aged children (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 19.9; p <0.001). Low vitamin D intake children had 43% increased risk (OR = 0.57, [0,36 ; 0,91]) for vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D <50 nmol/L) (p<0.028). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are common among urban and rural primary school children. The prevention of micronutrient deficiencies including vitamin D deficiency should be promoted by appropriate interventions to improve the micronutrient status for children in the future.

Nhu cầu đạm và acid amin: Liệu chúng ta đã hiểu đúng?

English summary: Although protein and amino acid (AA) requirements were studied intensively until about 2000, but there has been less interest in them since then. In this lecture, I would like to talk about our limited knowledge concerning them: The twenty A as are the building blocks of proteins; 9 of them are indispensable (essential) AAs and 11 are dispensable (nonessential) AAs. Which are more important? We usually pay a lot of attention to indispensable AAs. For example, AA requirements are indicated only for the indispensable AAs and protein quality is determined depending upon them. On the other hand, we learn that glutamine and arginine (dispensable AAs) are very important for parenteral and enteral nutrition. I would like to consider the meaning of dispensable and indispensable AAs. Why have AA requirements changed so much? We usually follow AA requirements as defined by WHO/FAO/UNU. Lysine-deficiency is the major cause of protein malnutrition. The recommendations for lysine have changed considerably, from 12mg in 1985 to 30mg in 2007. Most of the other indispensable AA requirements have also become about two times higher than suggested in/by previous reports. Is the study of AA requirements still so primitive? How to use the protein DRI: The recommended intake level (Dietary reference intake: DRI) of protein is usually shown as a single figure like 70 and 66g a day for Vietnamese young males and females, respectively. We administer proteins following the DRI; however, we often cannot tell how closely we should match the DRI. For reliable and flexible use of the DRI we have to understand how it was determined. Should the protein requirement for athletes be much higher? Can we increase muscle mass by a high protein intake? Many healthy Vietnamese take more than 100% of their protein requirements. Have they increased muscle mass? Is a high protein diet good for weight control? Body weight control by a high-protein diet is very popular. I wonder why people world-wide take similar amounts of protein (about 13-16% of energy), while the intakes of lipids (about 20-40% of energy) and carbohydrates (about 45-65% of energy) are very different. Is high protein intake good for elderly persons? There are many reports about this. However, we must be careful to provide too much protein. Osteoporosis in Western countries is high despite a high calcium intake. There are reports that high protein intake and maybe high intake of sulfur-containing amino acids (S-AAs) such as methionine and cysteine are major factors because they produce sulfuric acids that make the body pH lower than normal. To maintain normal pH, hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), which constitutes bone, is used. These facts suggest that both too low intakes and too high intakes of protein are not recommended. We need to re-think protein and AA requirements.

Nghiên cứu một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến sự sinh trưởng của tảo Spirulina Platensis quy mô phòng thí nghiệm.

English summary: In this study, some factors affecting on the growth of Spirulina platensis including initial seed optical density, photoperiod, light intensity and temperature in 250 mL flasks scale and 1.5L plastic bottle were investigated. The suitable conditions for the growth of S. platensis were determined: seed optical density (OD560nm) of 0.3; continuous illumination of 24/24 hours with light intensity of 3500-4000 lux, cultivation temperature of 35oC. The highest biomass achieved was 3.12 ± 0.08 g dry biomass/L after 8 days of cultivation.

Kiến thức, thực hành dinh dưỡng và khẩu phần của nữ sinh viên năm thứ nhất trường Cao đẳng Y Thái Nguyên năm 2014.

English summary: Proper nutrition is very important for good health. A cross-sectional study on 352 adolescent girls to evaluate nutrition knowledge, practices and actual diet. Results: 83.2% of the subjects understood about the deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D, but the prevalence of regular milk consumption was low (23.9%). The ratio of P:L:G was unbalanced (16%:14%:70%). Vitamin D intake was 0.4 µg, calcium was 353 mg; zinc was 6.2 mg and iron was 8.4 mg. Ca:P ratio was 1:1.25. 85.4% of the subjects had dietary calcium intake below 500 mg/day. Conclusions: Adolescent girls had good knowledge on calcium and vitamin D, but did not turn in good practices. Dietary intake of adolescent girls lacked in both quantity and quality and was unbalanced. There is a need for education to improve knowledge of calcium and vitamin D, to increase the intake of dairy products, supplements or calcium and vitamin D fortified foods to prevent calcium, vitamin D deficiencies.

Effect of milk supplemented with probiotics and prebiotics on nutritional and immune status of children 18-36 months in Gia Binh district, Bac Ninh province

Objective: The objective was to evaluate effects of milk formula with Probiotics and Prebiotics (Synbiotic) on nutritional status and immune functions of children from 18 to 36 months old. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, children were randomized to receive a milk formula with or without Synbiotic for five months (400ml/day x 5 days/week).

Dietary changes and zinc deficiency status of pregnant women in suburban Hanoi before birth and 6 months after birth.

Proper nutrition plays a key role in preventing micronutrient deficiencies in pregnant women. Low biological value diet is one of the causes leading to micronutrient deficiencies, especially for deficiency of Zinc- a micronutrient which is found in highest concentration in animal source food.

Thực trạng thừa cân béo phì và bữa ăn học đường của học sinh một trường tiểu học Hà Nội năm 2017 và 2018.

English summary: Background: Overweight and obesity can affect to not only physical health but also mental health among children. Objectives: to describe the current situation of overweight, obesity as well as the dietary intake at school among pupils at a primary school in Hanoi in 2017 and 2018. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in pupils aged from six to eleven years in March 2017 and April 2018. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in 2017 was 21.91% and 19.79%, respectively. This figure for 2018 was 23.82% for overweight and 20.84% for obesity. In 2018, the proportion of overweight and obesity in grade 1 was 28.85% which lower than those in grade 3 (49.37%) and grade 5 (55.95%). In terms of dietary intake at school, some diets provided too much energy. Almost all diets provided inadequately the canxium and vegetable compared to the recommendation for the demand of pupils. Pupils who have overweight and obesity had many additional meals, junk foods, processed foods and the shortage of vegetable. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among pupils was high and showed the upward trend. More careful controlling the children's school lunch and eating habit is necessary.

Perceptions of body images among women living in rural communes of Phu Tho province, Vietnam in 2014

Nutrition behaviour of women living in rural Vietnam, where traditional values are preserved in the modern life, is a topic that is worth to research on to enable their access to good care. Nutrition behaviour and their perception of body image are closely linked.

Nghiên cứu các yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới quá trình thủy phân protein từ lá chùm ngây bằng phương pháp enzyme.

English summary: Proteins hydrolyzed from plants are more and more attractive because the hydrolyzation improves desired characteristics while it doesn’t affect the initial nutrition values of raw materials. Moringa oleifera leaves containing a wide variety of proteins were hydrolyzed to smaller molecules. The research determined some parameters affecting the protein hydrolyses of Moringa oleifera leaves by enzymatic methods. Precipitated proteins are hydrolyzed at a suitable condition of enzyme concentration, temperature, pH and time. The degree of hydrolysis was assessed by using DH value. It is shown that the combination of endopeptidase (alcalase) and exopeptidase (flavourzyme) for morigan leaf hydrolyses through two-steps method (Step 1: alcalase 0.6 AU/g protein, at 500C, pH = 8.0, 3 hours; Step 2: flavourzyme 15 LAU/g protein; 500C; 6.5; 4 hours) gave DH value of 63.7%. The result showed that the combination use of alcalase and flavourzyme for protein hydrolyses of Moringa oleifera leaves improved the metabolism of Moringa oleifera protein.

Khuyến nghị dinh dưỡng cho người cao tuổi.

English summary: Nutrition has an important role in health of the elderly. The prevalence of malnutrition is increasing in this population and is associated with a decline in functional status, impaired muscle function, decreased bone mass, immune dysfunction, changes in cytokine and hormonal level, and changes in fluid electrolyte regulation, delayed gastric emptying and diminished senses of smell and taste, anemia, and reduced cognitive function. In addition, pathologic changes of aging such as non-communicable diseases and psychological illness all play a role in the complex etiology of malnutrition in aging people. Nutritional assessment is important to identify and treat patients at risk. Good nutrition care helps reduce malnutrition, maintains muscle mass and bone mass to reduce disability, fractures, risk of non-communicable diseases, to slow the aging process, and to prolong the life span. Many diseases in the elderly are the result of unhealthy diet combined with physiological changes in the aging process. The most common nutrition-related diseases in the elderly are malnutrition, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, strokes, cancers and non-communicable diseases. Requirement for energy, lipid, and carbohydrates decreases, while the need for protein and most vitamins, minerals, fiber and water increases in the elderly. Keeping a good balance of nutrients derived from animals and plants, maintaining dietary moderation and choosing alternative foods should be prioritized when designing the diet for the elderly. Patients with physical or cognitive impairment require special care and attention. Oral supplements or enteral feeding should be considered in patients at high risk or in patients unable to meet daily requirements.

Khảo sát thực trạng phụ gia acid benzoic trong thực phẩm trên địa bàn thành phố Nam Định.

English summary: An investigation was made to explore the actual use of Benzoic acid additives in foods in Nam Dinh city. We have identified 27/75 food samples containing benzoic acid, accounting for 36%. The highest is found in chili samples, which was 77.77%. Our research has helped the managers have more access to information on the abuse of Benzoic acid additive in processing and trading food in order to prolong the reservation time of spoiled or expired food that may lead to unpredictable consequences.

Thực trạng chăm sóc dinh dưỡng ở bệnh nhân lao điều trị tại Bệnh viện phổi Thái Bình năm 2017.

English summary: The epidemiological descriptive study was conducted in 127 tuberculosis patients, who were examined and treated from September 2017 to December 2017 and 24 medical staff (doctors, nurses) in 3 internal tuberculosis department No 2 and 3 of Thai Binh Lung Hospital on the situation of nutrition care in hospitalized tuberculosis patients in 2017. It revealed that 100% of patients were measured weight and height at admission but not at the discharge. Most patients ate more than 3 meals a day with a major meal supply from the hospital canteen. Most of the patients (94.5%) were satisfied with the nutritional counseling, over 85% wanted to have a nutrition department with qualified staff and facilities, equipment providing good services. Health workers had implemented a variety of appropriate nurturing ways for each patient, with 1-hour notice from admission to the meal to ensure that all patients were fed at hospital canteen; 91.7% of patients received nutritional counseling while in hospital; and nurses were the primary ones to monitor the patient's diet.

Nutritional knowledge, use of nutrition counseling services of patients at Ha Dong General Hospital in 2017 and some related factors

A cross-sectional study of 370 patients aged 18-85 years in clinical departments was conducted to understand their nutritional knowledge and some related factors in Ha Dong General Hospital during Feb-Apr 2017. Results: The percentage of patients with good nutritional knowledge was low, only 24.9% of the total.

Tình trạng dinh dưỡng và thực trạng thực hiện chế độ ăn của bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 đang điều trị nội trú tại bệnh viện Lão khoa trung ương năm 2017.

English summary: Nutrition is the basic needed treatment for people with type 2 diabetes in any treatment protocols. A balanced diet and proper physical activity is not only useful for controlling blood glucose but also for preventing complications and maintaining the quality of life for type 2 diabetic patients. Objectives:1.To assess nutritional status of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes; 2. To describe dietary therapy compliance of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized at the National Geriatric Hospital. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was implemented on 130 patients aged ≥ 60 with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized at the National Geriatric Hospital. Results: The proportion of patients with average BMI was the highest (70%), the overweight group took 18.5%, the underweight took 9.2%; The rate of abdominal obesity was 62.3%, of which 69.3% were women, 52.7% were men; Assessment of nutritional status by MNA: patients with normal nutritional status took 55.4%, risk of malnutrition was 39.2%, malnutrition was 5.4%. At the hospital, in 130 patients, 83.9% of patients consumed more than 3 meals a day, the number of patients using hospital dietary therapy was low (41.5%), energy intake met only 63.5% of the recommended. Conclusion: Diet of patients with type 2 was deficient for both energy and nutrients, so it is needed to improve their diet in macro and micronutrients.

Nutritional status of hepatitis patients hospitalized at Thai Binh City General Hospital in 2017

The study aims to assess nutritional status of patients with hepatitis and to select appropriate nutritional assessment methods for those patients. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted through interviews, weight and height measurement of 124 inpatient hepatitis patients in Internal Medicine Department, General Hospital, Thai Binh City in 2017.

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